TAG Flanders
The Two Isabellas: Power, Piety, and the Shaping of Empires
Two formidable women—Isabella I of Castile and Isabella Clara Eugenia—left indelible marks on Spanish and European history. One ruled with reform and religious zeal, the other with diplomacy and cultural flourish. This article explores how their reigns shaped empires, unified kingdoms, and defined eras of both conquest and peace.